Over the years, oil exploration, production, and refinement in nigeria hasresulted in various environmental and ecological problems that range fromoil spills, gas flares, habitat destruction, air. Wonah department of political and administrative studies, faculty of social sciences, university of port harcourt. However, regular consumption tends to lead to pollution and destruction of the environment. This study examines the types, spatial distribution, causes and consequences of environmental challenges in nigeria. Primary data were obtained through administration of structured questionnaires to a random size of population in the areas that have the highest heaps of solid waste on the major streets and open. This has shaped how nigerians perceive issues of politics and nation building. Urban environmental problems and planning strategies in. Issues in environmental management for sustainable. Nigeria is blessed with abundance of natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land, etc. Nigeria has an organized system of nature preserves, game reserves, and national parks in addition to a forest management system, but most management is carried on at the state level.
Environmental issues, climate changes, and energy security in. The country is africas most populous, with more than 200 million people. Nigerias environment is currently under increasing threat from natural and. In the appendix, we describe various strategies that could be used to address the solution. The prime objective is to contribute to the literature.
It is the largest wetland and maintains the thirdlargest drainage basin in africa. The guardian nigeria newspaper brings you the latest headlines, opinions, political news, business reports and international news. Other environmental issues toxic waste dumping much comes from developed countries. The current situation in nigeria united states institute. These include poor housing quality, bad layout of streets, poor drainage, lack of facilities for solid waste disposal and water pollution. However, the nigerian environment today is faced with many problems, arising.
These are the main environmental issues faced by africa. There is a huge list of environmental issues in africa, which is turning out to be a threat to the global environmental condition. This paper examines the growing environmental issues facing lagos in the southwest region of nigeria. Population and environmental policies in nigeria longdom.
Citizens with emergencies, please call 09461 4000, prompt 0. However, historically low voter turnout signals a deepening distrust in government and institutions. Current environmental engineering covers the scientific discoveries on waste water management and control, water, air and soil pollution, human habitation, water disposal, recycling, radiation protection, industrial hygiene, environmental law and policies, public health, and environmental sustainability. Analyzing emerging environmental issues in major areas. Environmental policies and strategies in nigeria oil and gas. Policy successive administrations have described the u. Jun 10, 2010 the niger delta is the richest area of biodiversity in nigeria, but regular oil spills that are not cleaned up, blatant dumping of industrial waste and promises of development projects which are not followed through, have all added to the increasing environmental and health problems.
Issues and challenges joel maiiya kwale abstract environmental education and protection have become inevitable in nigeria considering the numerous environmental problems such as soil erosion, desert encroachment, oil spillage etc, which disturb the country in many places. There is need for government to enact and implement necessary environmental laws to control the issues of environmental pollution and this can be done by putting necessary environmental pollution enforcement structures in place to curb the spate of environmental pollution in nigeria. Emphasis is on the issues, environmental analysis of the trends, factors fuelling the problems, and future actions to mitigate the risks. Environmental challenges in nigeria american international. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices. Environmental issues in liberia include the deforestation of tropical rainforest, the hunting of endangered species for bushmeat, the pollution of rivers and coastal waters from industrial runoff and raw sewage, and the burning and dumping of household waste.
The energy crisis of nigeria an overview and implications. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices in. Nigeria has three predominant regions, namely northern nigeria inhabited by the hausas, west nigeria with the yoruba and south with the igbos. Examining environmental policies and laws in nigeria. The importance, effect, causes, relationship, comparison, history, role, solutions are discussed. Project profile for leprosy control project in sokoto state. But field observation revealed that environmental degradation is growing at a rate worse than the pre fepa period. The case for a global environmental court of justice able to afford these costs and services to defend themselves and minimise damage. In order to succeed in an action for negligence, the burden of proof lies with the plaintiff. Greenland, and russia in international environmental issues. As africas most populous country, largest economy, and biggest democracy, nigeria is a bellwether for the continent.
The current situation in nigeria united states institute of. However, there remains much to be done by way of actually developing the mechanism and legislative backing for reconciling environmental imperatives with developmental goals. Possible solutions to challenges in nigeria today soapboxie. Fight continues for nigeria oil spill victims, al jazeera, june 8, 2010. Federal environmental protection agency fepa was established to control the nigerian environment, its resources exploitation and management. Environmental policies and strategies in nigeria oil and. Nigeria is currently working towards achieving the millennium development goals. If not, this was one of the worst oil spills in history. In pursuit of the policy objectives as enunciated, an overriding concern is to alleviate poverty and increase the per capita income of nigerians 6.
Creation of a fullfledged federal ministry of environment by the present. In fact, nigeria is the leading exporter of oil in africa today and one of the leading oil exporters in the world the 6th leading oil exporter in the world today. Environmental problems in nigeria pose a significant threat to the country and its population. Current environmental issues in nigeria are closely connected with the population growth. There are a lot of contemporary social issues in nigeria, however, the country is not completely hopeless the mindset of the government and people can still be changed. Major problems facing nigeria include corruption, poor governance, political instability, unemployment, population explosion, religious and ethnic conflicts, diseases and environmental degradation. The key environmental issues facing nigeria include land degradation. Agwu, mnim, mnisp department of business administration, niger delta university, wilberforce island, bayelsa state abstract the paper examined the relationship between individual background sex, age and social class. Environmental problems can be studied from two different viewpoints. In 20, amnesty international reported that nigeria experiences hundreds of oil spills per year in the niger delta, largely due. Over the years, the country has battled with several environmental issues which have affected the health of its populace. Environmental issues are negative aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environmental issues and problems in nigeria dogara bashir kaduna state water services regulatory commission lead presentation at the capacity building workshop on green teacher programme held at national teachers institute, kaduna, nigeria on 1923 june 2017 2. The key environmental issues in the niger delta of nigeria relate to its petroleum and industry.
In the niger delta there has been an exxon valdez spill every year for 50 years. The plaintiff may not have the financial resource to procure the. Nigeria continues to address the issues of sustainable development is acknowledged. Nigeria sustainable development the united nations. A study of environmental awareness and attitudes in ibadan, nigeria article pdf available in human and ecological risk assessment 183. The awardwinning documentary, drilling and killing by amy goodman, jeremy scahill and dred scott keyes assassins in foreign lands. To reach the targets for the reduction of child mortality, which form mdg 4, nigeria should reduce underfive deaths per 1,000 live births to 71, and increase measles immunisation to 100 per cent by 2015. Current environmental issues in nigeria and possible. Aug 02, 2016 this study on environmental pollution in nigeria will cover all cases of environmental pollution ranging from air and water pollution due to oil exploration and refining, effluent waste from industries, dump sites all over nigeria market and streets and even noise pollution. The basis of environmental policy in nigeria is contained in the 1999 constitution of the federal republic of nigeria. You might remember the exxon valdez spill in alaska in 1989. Some of the aspects of these issues are discussed in the article below, along with some measures which need to be taken. Environmental policy and its enforcement in nigeria. Nigeria, a rapidly urbanizing and industrializing society, is currently faced with many environmental problems.
Even though nigeria has the largest economy in africa, there are still many problems that it faces. The energy crisis of nigeria an overview and implications for. Oil is the primary base of nigerias economy and is also the cause of major environmental and social problems in the niger delta region of nigeria. An open question article pdf available in the journal of environmental education 412 january 2010 with 120,303 reads how we measure reads. It covers the applications of environmental management approaches on waste water management and control, water, air and soil pollution, human habitation, water. This is very good for our economy, but at the same time, it leads to serious.
The challenges of environmental problems in nigeria. There are many areas related to this problem that require increased attention and this article will address the most important ones. Environmental policy and its enforcement in nigeria 1. Environment archives the guardian nigeria news nigeria. Air pollution is one of the most important threats to the environment. Pdf nigerian cities are witnessing high rate of environmental. Introduction an environmental problem arises whenever there is a change in the quality or quantity of any environmental factor which directly or indirectly affects the health and wellbeing of man in an adverse manner. Chen 2005 posited that humankind currently faces significant global environmental problems including climate change, shortage of clean and accessible.
Consequently, the country has developed strategies and. With specific reference to nigeria, the paper characterizes the urban environmental problems of tropical africa. In 20, amnesty international reported that nigeria experiences hundreds of oil spills per year in the niger delta, largely due to pipe erosion, sabotage, and neglect by oil companies. Environmental issues in nigeria naturvernforbundet. Federal environmental protection agency fepa was established to control the nigerian environment, its resources exploitation and. Home to 20 million people and 40 different ethnic groups, this floodplain makes up 7. In fact, nigeria is the leading exporter of oil in africa today and one of the leading oil exporters in the world. Consequently, the country has developed strategies and programs for sound and sustainable. Past and present environmental issues in the nigerias niger delta. The paper examines the impact of the nature and character of the nigerian state and its environmental policy on the achievement of sustainable development in nigeria. Environmental and public health issues in nigeria the environmental and health standards of nigeria are in a bad state. Get free research paper on environmental pollution in nigeria. In this post, we have highlighted a couple of these challenges.
Jul 12, 2014 oil in nigeria in the 1990s, nigeria became notorious for conflict linked to oil development in the niger river delta. In nigeria, an increased level of consciousness is observable with regard to the complex relationship that exists between development and the quality of the environment. Pdf a study of environmental awareness and attitudes in. Oilspills, dessertification and loss of natural habitat all constitutes some of nigerias greatest environmental challenges. The conflict was capped by the 1995 execution of eight environmental activists, including nobel peace prize nominee ken sarowiwa who led opposition to shell oils activities in the ogoni homeland. Like any other country, it uses resources to provide residents with good living conditions. Urgent environmental issues and call to action environmental catastrophes such as desertification, floods, droughts and consequent food shortage in different parts of the globe, including parts of africa, have progressively drawn attention to the. For more information, the following are good places to start. The goal of this paper is not to solve the energy crisis of nigeria, but rather to introduce the depth and complexity of the issues involved.
It may take a long time, but there is still a chance that these problems can be dealt with if we work hard enough. The reason for this is that the oil and gas industry in nigeria accounts for about 90% of the nations revenue and can equally be claimed to account for a similarly overwhelming proportion of the. Nyangoro talks mainly about it mainly from biodiversity standpoint. It is very important to note that each time environmental issues are mentioned in nigeria, the oil and gas industry readily comes to mind. Characteristics of environmental problems in nigeria and. Environmental issues, climate changes, and energy security. The federal government protection agency fepa decree 58.
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